Friday, June 8, 2012

Ancient Coins


Sadigh Gallery houses an extensive collection of ancient Greek coins at our gallery, ranging from bronze to silver.  The most popular coins we have are Alexander the Great and Athenian coins. To learn about these  type of coins we have, please read the following information.  We hope these facts will ignite more interest in ancient coins.

Alexander the Great Coin
Alexander, the great conqueror, believed he was a direct descendant of Hercules.  Before each battle and after each victory, ritual sacrifices were performed honoring both Hercules and Zeus and he selected their images to appear on these coins.  The front carries a likeness of Hercules adorned with the head of the Thespian Lion, the killing of which was one of his great feats.  His facial features were modeled after those of Alexander the Great himself.  On the reverse, mighty Zeus rules from a throne.  He holds a scepter in one hand while an eagle rests upon the other. The right field carries an inscription meaning (Money of) Alexander while the left field contains the marks or symbols of the mint’s Magistrates.  If Alexander’s legs were crossed, it would indicate that the coin was struck posthumously (after the death of Alexander).  If, on the other hand, his legs were placed together, it would indicate that the coin was struck during the lifetime of Alexander.

Athenian Coin
Coins issued by certain cities or empires took the leading role in dictating which coins were readily acceptable for trade in the Mediterranean lands.  One such city was Athens, which established the ‘Attic standard’ that was to be adopted later by Alexander the Great.  Silver was used to pay civil servants, soldiers and mercenaries, and it is believed that the latter is the reason that many Greek silver coins were struck in the first place.  The non-Greek lands of the Near East issued large quantities of silver coins, most notably the Parthians, Sassanians and Baktrians.  These coins vary in style and fabric, the thickness and purity of the planchet on which the coin was struck, and are relatively under valued compared to the more widely collected issues of Greece proper.  In Greek mythology, Athena was the Goddess of warfare and wisdom.  Later known as Minerva by the Romans, she was, the Goddess of not only wisdom and battle, but of certain crafts and the protector of all cities & states.  At birth, according to one myth, she sprang from the forehead of Zeus, the king of the Gods, fully grown and dressed in armor.  Athena is usually shown wearing a helmet and a magic shield called the aegis.  The Goddess Athena was not only wise in war but also in the arts of peace.  She supposedly invented the plow and taught men how to yoke oxen. Athena’s chief symbol was the owl and in Greek mythology, the owl is firmly linked with Athena who is usually pictured with her owl perched on her shoulder.  Some say that is why the owl is, in modern times, associated with wisdom. 
Athenian coins were used in exchange throughout the Greek world - hoards have been found as far away from Athens as Babylon, Afghanistan and Iran.  The quantity of Athenian coins minted in last half of the fifth century BC, reflect the changed and powerful position of Athens in the eastern Mediterranean.  From a small city-state defending itself on land against the onslaught of Darius at Marathon, Athens grew to be the center of an empire whose power was dependent on its control of the sea. From being a partner in and administrative head of the Delian League, Athens became its leader and its many city-state members paid Athens tribute.
Common to all issues of the coin are the Goddess Athena, in profile on the obverse, and the owl, her constant companion, standing on the reverse, a sprig of olive leaves with a berry above its shoulder.  Variations in design exist among denominations of the coin.

You will find various Greek coins on sale located here:
For other coins, visit:


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